Nearly 490 alleged members of the powerful Central American gang Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13), including several alleged leaders, went on trial collectively in El Salvador on Monday, April 20, accused of 29,000 murd£rs.
The country is conducting mass trials of thousands of suspected gang members, many of whom have spent years in prison without charge or visiting rights, as part of President Nayib Bukele’s anti-gang crackdown.
The Attorney General’s Office said 486 suspected MS-13 members were on trial for 47,000 crimes committed between 2012 and 2022, including 29,000 homicides.
El Salvador’s court system said the trial included ‘members of the national leadership, street-level leaders, program coordinators from across the country, and founders of’ MS-13.
Salvadoran authorities accuse the group of a range of crimes, including the k!lling of 87 people in a single weekend in March 2022.
In the wake of those killings, Bukele declared a ‘war’ on gangs, which he said controlled 80 per cent of Salvadoran territory.
MS-13 is charged with the crime of rebellion ‘because they sought to… establish a parallel state,’ the Attorney General’s Office said.
Bukele in 2022 imposed a state of emergency, which has been used to arrest more than 91,000 suspected gang members, including thousands of people who were later declared innocent.
Rights groups, however, have denounced gross human rights abuses, including a lack of due process for the detainees, reports of torture, and more than 500 deaths in prison.
The fates of the detainees are now being decided in mass trials, with anonymous judges handing down one-size-fits-all punishments to large groups of defendants following the proceedings via video-link from prison.
MS-13 and the rival Barrio 18 gang operate drug trafficking rings and extortion rackets across Central America.
The Trump administration has declared the two groups – among others – as terrorist organisations, designations it has used in part to justify deadly military strikes on alleged drug-running boats.
The two gangs were born among Salvadoran youth on the streets of Los Angeles and then spread back to El Salvador, where they terrorised the population for more than three decades.
Bukele has accused them of murd£ring 200,000 people over three decades, including about 80,000 who disappeared without a trace.
State prosecutors said they had ‘ample evidence to request the maximum sentences’ against the defendants, without specifying whether that meant life imprisonment.
At the opening of the trial, the judge stated that armed groups had disturbed ‘the peace of the Salvadoran population and the security of the state’ for decades, and would be tried ‘with the full force of the law.’
New York-based Human Rights Watch (HRW) and regional NGO Cristosal have criticised the mass trials, warning of the risk of innocent people being made to pay for the crimes of the guilty.